Tinnitus affects both men and women, but research suggests that women may be more susceptible to the condition due to hormonal fluctuations throughout their lifetime.
Why Perimenopause and Menopause Can Lead to Tinnitus
Perimenopause is the period leading up to menopause when a woman's body undergoes hormonal changes. During perimenopause, estrogen levels fluctuate, which can cause a range of symptoms, including hot flashes, mood swings, and insomnia. Studies have shown that hormonal changes during perimenopause can also contribute to the development or worsening of tinnitus in some women.
During menopause, which marks the end of a woman's menstrual cycle, there's a decrease in hormone production, primarily estrogen. We all know that the reduction in estrogen levels has been linked to various health concerns, including osteoporosis and heart disease.
Research also suggests that the decrease in estrogen levels may contribute to the development or worsening of tinnitus in women.
Low estrogen may affect the transmission of sound signals from the ear to the brain and can impair hearing. A study published in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery found that postmenopausal women were more likely to experience tinnitus than premenopausal women. And while it's most common is postmenopausal women, many younger women report tinnitus during pregnancy and around their menstrual periods.
Does Hormone Replacement Therapy Help?
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a treatment used to alleviate symptoms of menopause by supplementing the body with hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. HRT has been shown to help relieve symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness, but its effects on tinnitus are less clear.
Some studies suggest that HRT may help reduce the severity of tinnitus in women by stabilizing hormone levels. A study published in The Laryngoscope found that women who received HRT had a significantly lower incidence of tinnitus compared to those who did not receive HRT.
Another study published in Menopause found that women who received estrogen therapy had a 20% lower risk of developing tinnitus compared to those who did not receive estrogen therapy.
However, other studies have suggested that HRT may actually worsen tinnitus in some women. A study published in the Journal of Women's Health found that women who received HRT were more likely to experience tinnitus compared to those who did not receive HRT. Therefore, the effects of HRT on tinnitus may vary depending on the individual.
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